Oreophoetes peruana, commonly known as the Peruvian Fern Stick Insect or Peruvian Firestick, is a colorful phasmid native to the humid tropical forests of Peru and Ecuador. 
 
Physical Characteristics
Sexual Dimorphism:
Females: Reach lengths of 7–8 cm. They are typically black or dark green with striking yellow, orange, or white longitudinal stripes and brightly colored "knees".
Males: Smaller and more slender at approximately 6 cm. They are famous for their vibrant, solid tomato-red or bright pink coloration.
Defense Mechanism: When threatened, they secrete a milky white fluid containing quinoline from glands behind the head. This fluid is foul-smelling and can irritate the eyes or mucous membranes; handling should be followed by immediate hand washing. 
 
Habitat and Care
Diet: This species is a specialist feeder that consumes exclusively ferns. Suitable varieties include Bracken, Boston Fern, Bird's Nest Fern, and Hart's Tongue Fern. It is critical to ensure ferns are free from pesticides.
Environment: They require very high humidity (80%–100%) and moderate temperatures, ideally between 18–24°C. They are sensitive to heat and may struggle if temperatures exceed 25–26°C.
Activity: Unlike many stick insects, O. peruana is often active during the day. 
 
Breeding and Life Cycle
Reproduction: A sexual species; females drop roughly 1–4 eggs per day onto the substrate.
Incubation: Eggs take approximately 3–4 months to hatch when kept on a damp substrate.
Lifespan: Nymphs mature in about 4–6 months, with adults living for another 8–10 months.