Extatosoma tiaratum is the scientific name for the giant prickly stick insect, also known as the spiny leaf insect, Macleay's spectre, or Australian walking stick. This large species of stick insect is native to the eucalyptus forests of Australia and New Guinea and is popular as a pet due to its unique camouflage and docile nature.
 
Key Characteristics
Appearance: The insect's body is covered in thorn-like spikes and has lobed legs, which help it blend in with foliage or lichen, its primary form of camouflage. Coloration varies from light brown to green, depending on its environment.
Sexual Dimorphism: There is a significant difference between sexes.
Females are larger, reaching up to 18 cm (7 inches), stout-bodied, wingless, and covered in more prominent spines.
Males are smaller (around 9–13 cm), more slender, have fewer spines, and possess fully developed wings that allow them to fly.
Defense Mechanisms: When threatened, they exhibit fascinating defensive behaviors:
They sway from side to side to mimic a dead leaf blowing in the breeze.
They curl their abdomen over their back, mimicking a scorpion to deter predators.
Adult females can use the spines on their hind legs to pinch if handled roughly. 
In Captivity
Diet: They are herbivores and primarily feed on fresh foliage. In captivity, they readily eat bramble, eucalyptus, raspberry, and oak leaves.
Housing: A tall enclosure is necessary to allow ample space for movement and proper molting. They need room temperature conditions (21–27°C or 70–80°F).
Breeding: Females can reproduce both sexually and asexually (parthenogenesis).
Sexually produced eggs hatch in about four months.
Eggs produced asexually take up to nine months to hatch and result only in female offspring.
Lifespan: Females generally live longer (9–18 months) than males (6–8 months). 
More detailed information on their care can be found in various online care guides and resources for insect enthusiasts.