The Brazilian Red and White Tarantula (Vitalius chromatus, formerly Nhandu chromatus) is a popular New World terrestrial species native to the tropical forests and savannahs of Brazil. 
 
Appearance and Size
Coloration: Features a beige-to-grey carapace, black base-coloured legs with distinct white vertical stripes, and a black abdomen covered in long, vibrant red hairs.
Size: A large species, reaching an adult diagonal leg span of 15–18 cm (approximately 6–7 inches).
Growth Rate: Considered medium to fast-growing, typically reaching adulthood in 3–4 years. 
 
Behaviour and Temperament
Defensiveness: While technically a "New World" tarantula with relatively mild venom, it is known for being skittish, nervous, and quick to flick irritating urticating hairs when disturbed.
Display Value: Unlike many reclusive species, it often stays out in the open, making it an excellent display tarantula.
Feeding: Highly active hunters with an "explosive" feeding response to prey like crickets, roaches, and other invertebrates. 
 
Husbandry Requirements
For those keeping this species in 2026, the following standards are recommended:
Enclosure: A horizontal terrestrial setup with at least 4–10 cm of deep substrate to allow for occasional burrowing.
Temperature: Maintain between 22–28°C (72–82°F).
Humidity: Requires 70–80% humidity with good ventilation; the substrate should be kept slightly moist for younger specimens.
Lifespan: Females can live 12–15 years, while males typically live 3–4 years.